Professor Edith Heard obtained her PhD from
the Imperial Cancer Research Fund
(later Cancer Research UK), London. Thereafter, she spent nine years
at the Institut
Pasteur in Paris, before undertaking a one-year sabbatical at Cold
Spring Harbor in the
USA. In 2001, she set up her group at the Institut Curie and in 2010
she became Director
of the Institute’s Genetics and Developmental Biology Unit. Edith was
appointed as a
Professor of the Collège de France in 2012, holding the Chair of
Epigenetics and
Cellular Memory. Since January 2019, Edith has been Director General
of EMBL.
Edith’s laboratory focuses on understanding how chromatin and
chromosome organisation
participate in gene regulation in development and disease. Her group
was among the first
to show that the epigenetic process of X-chromosome inactivation
(XCI), whereby one of a
female’s two X chromosomes is silenced during development, is
remarkably dynamic. Her
lab has worked out many of the molecular mechanisms underlying
X-chromosome inactivation
and she uses this model to explore fundamental principles of gene
regulation, chromatin
and epigenetic processes in general. Edith’s group was one of the
first to uncover the
epigenetic dynamics of XCI during mammalian development and they have
provided insights
into the regulation and molecular action of the Xist non-coding RNA
that triggers XCI.
Edith and her laboratory have been recognised by many prizes, most
recently the
L’Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science International Award and she is a
Fellow of the Royal
Society, an EMBO Member, and a Foreign Associate member of the
National Academy of
Sciences (US), an International Member of the National Academy of
Medicine (US), a
Member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, a
Corresponding Member of
the Royal Academy in Denmark, an Elected Member of Académie des
Sciences, Institut de
France, and she has an Honorary Degree Doctor of Science Honoris causa
at the University
of Cambridge, an Honorary Professor Degree at the University of
Heidelberg and an
Honorary Doctor Degree at the University of Uppsala.
Edith has participated in numerous scientific boards and is currently
a member of the
Scientific Advisory Board of the Crick Institute (London, UK),
Institute Curie (Paris,
France), the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (USA), and the WHO
Science Council.